Perfect Pizzeria Case Study

Table of Contents Executive Summary†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 3 Problem Statement†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦4 Analyzing Case Data†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 4 Managerial Employees†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 4 Non-Managerial Employees†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 6 Key Decision Criteria†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 6 Alternative Analysis†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 7 Recommendations†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦10 Criteria 1†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦10 Criteria 2†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦10 Criteria 3†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 11 Criteria 4†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦11 Criteria 5†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦11 Criteria 6†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦12 Criteria 7†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦12 Action and Implementation Plan†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 13 Employee Handbook†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 13 Reward and Bonus Program†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 14 Training Program†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 14 Softball Team†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 15 Quarterly Evaluation†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 16 Conclusion†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢ € ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 17 Chart†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 17 References†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 18 Executive Summary Perfect Pizzeria is experiencing managerial and employee problems that are negatively affecting the chains second largest franchise located in located in Southern Illinois. The overall issues that we will address in our case study for Perfect Pizzeria are: the lack of formal training, systematic criteria for the selection of managers and employees positions; the high turnover rate; the lack of incentive/rewards for employees aside from management; low profit rate due to high percentage of damage or unsold goods, lack of employee loyalty and motivation, no room for advancement beyond management unless employees invest in the franchise. And lastly, the lack of organizational structure with respect to not having an official handbook outlining the company’s policy and procedures, goals and objectives of the company. Additionally, we will address the Rational Choice Decision-Making Process, the Exit-Voice-Loyalty-Neglect (EVLN) model as well as the Expectancy Theory which is based on â€Å"the idea that work effort is directed towards behaviors that people believe will lead to desired outcomes†. Mcshane & Von Glinow, 2011) It is our goal to provide you with our case study that will give you a detailed analysis of Perfect Pizzeria and our recommendations on how to successfully get them back on track in terms of gaining higher franchise profits, attracting and retaining qualified workers, establishing a respectable managerial and employee relationship, allowing for an inclusive receipt of bonuses and rewards for outstanding job performances by any employee, not just management. Problem Statement Perfect Pizzeria currently does not have a systematic selection criterion for hiring managers. Managers demonstrate low expectancy to performance and do not properly execute their role as a manager. Hence, managers lack the leadership and problem resolution techniques to properly communicate with their employees. Consequently, the lack of communication between managers and employees has lead to low morale and ennui within their organizational structure. The objective of this case analysis is to address the multiple symptoms within Perfect Pizzeria which are 1) improve managerial skills, 2) improve employee morale, 3) improve profitability, 4) increase communication between employees and management, 5) improve work quality 6) monitor employee progress and 7) provide feedback to the employee. Perfect Pizzeria is experiencing managerial and employee problems that are negatively affecting team morale, loyalty, and causing a more consistent rise in the percentage of food and beverages unsold or damaged leading to low profits for the franchise. In view of that, the work environment appears to show that the employee’s lack job satisfaction and motivation. Analyzing Case Data Management Employees The case study of Perfect Pizzeria outlines several management criteria that were not in the best interest of the organization. The lack of hiring procedures and guidelines plays an instrumental role in their management system. Perfect pizzeria is staffed primarily from college and high school students; however, when hiring for management positions there is no systematic criteria in which to select the best-qualified person for the job. Those currently occupying leadership positions do so without the proper leadership training or experience to handle the open communication required to build team cohesion in a food franchise environment. While managers in general implement policy and procedures in most franchise environments, Perfect Pizzeria lacks the control mechanisms to monitor employee behavior. Thus, not providing the appropriate negative consequences for any employee that may exercise opportunistic behavior while not under direct supervision. The lack of guidance for management positions has integrated personnel within the organization lacking the skill sets necessary to control the behavior of their shift employees. The behavior demonstrated by unqualified mangers hired at Perfect Pizzeria contradict Kaafi and Noori’s (2011) conclusion that â€Å"a manager’s primary outcomes are job performance, organizational commitment and quality of work life†. To further illustrate the lack of policy and guidelines managers are not afforded the opportunity of initial or continued training in which they can maintain their skills. To illustrate, Perfect Pizzeria recruits within its ranks for assistant and night shift mangers based on the capability of performing the duties of regular employees. Employees promoted to assistant and night managers maintain the same pay scale as non-managerial employees. In contrast the manager is the only employee that is provided with a bonus incentive if the percentage rate of unused/damaged food is low at the end of the month inventory check. A necessary way for managers to smoothly start establishing any new changes to the way they conduct business is for them to be aware of the different workplace emotions around them, internally and externally. Acknowledge what’s going on with their employees, as well as the emotions of the customers, so that everyone’s needs or concerns are addressed. Not acknowledging them has lead to counterproductive workplace behavior by employees and a loss of loyal customers. Emotions in the workplace have a large impact on the company’s immediate and long-term goals, whether it is positive or negative because it determines just how productive an employee will be. Non-Managerial Employees The working conditions the employees at Perfect Pizzeria display are contrary to company goals and objectives. Manager-employee relationships within Perfect Pizzeria have declined; employees no longer share the ethical values to help them choose to do what’s right when making a decision that can negatively impact the franchise. Employees take advantage of food compensation provided by management while on shift without fear of reprimand from managers. Such acts as eating the food at the pizzeria without paying or simply being careless and damaging food or beverages, directly contributes to the increase of unused/food waste numbers. Perfect Pizzeria employees demonstrate ennui, which directly affects their outward behavior. While the negative disposition may not be directly shared with all employees on shift it is reasonable to say that it is a dilemma that can be contagious to other employees. Research provided by Manzoor (2012) states that employers ultimately need employees that work well with others. While a team member performs a specific job that is equally important to the overall success of the team. The current employees at Perfect Pizzeria lack the proper monetary motivation to commit to their duties and organizational goals resulting in high turn over rates. Key Decision Criteria In order to improve the events that have occurred at Perfect Pizzeria, the decisions that are made must: 1) improve managerial skills 2) improve employee morale and decrease turnover rate 3) improve profitability 4) increase communication between employees and management 5) improve work quality 6) monitor employee progress 7) provide feedback in order to help the employee’s to grow and develop skills useful to the organization. Alternative Analysis Effort| Performance Options| Outcome| 1. Improve managerial skills| * Mangers training program * Hire qualified management * Direct by explaining the process| Enhanced Leadership| Effort| Performance Options| Outcome| 2. Improve employee morale & decrease turnover| * Use a hiring agency or change the hiring process * Reward bonuses & incentive program * Allow the opportunity to become leaders| Self-motivated employees| Effort| Performance Options| Outcome| 3. Improve profitability| * Train employee’s about environment & food safety * Employee training programs * Limit free food according to the numbers of hours worked| Decrease damaged/unsold food percentage rate| Effort| Performance Options| Outcome| 4. Increase communication between employees & management| * Meetings on a regular basis * Interacting with employees inside & outside of work * Allow positive & negative feedback| Build positive relationships| Effort| Performance Options| Outcome| 5. Improve work quality | * Reward for accountability * Assure employees with positive communication * Management needs to help when needed| Increase production| Effort| Performance Options| Outcome| 6. Monitor employee progress| * Measure job performance * Implement cross-training for skill variety * Leadership opportunities| Job enrichment| Effort| Performance Options| Outcome| 7. Provide feedback to the employee| * Listen to employee comments * Quarterly assessments * Being honest about performances| Job satisfaction| Recommendations Criteria 1: Improve Managerial Skills Alternative: Hire Qualified Management Based on a professional association of practicing managers, American Management Association, managers need certain skills to perform the duties and activities associated with being a manager (Jones 2009). When hiring potential managers, Perfect Pizza should not only look at the human skills of the individual but also ensure that potential managerial candidates also have communication skills, effectiveness skills, interpersonal skills, and conceptual skills. Communication skills is the ability to transform ideas into words and actions. It is the set of skills that enables a person to convey information so that is it received and understood. Effectiveness skills is contributing to the company’s mission/departmental objectives, customers focus, and multitasking (Jones 2009). Interpersonal skills is coaching and mentoring, diversity. Being able to work with diverse people and culture, networking within the organization, networking outside the organization, and working in teams. Conceptual skills is the ability to use information to solve the company’s problems, recognizing problem areas and implementing solutions, and understanding the company’s business model. Criteria 2: Improve employee morale & decrease turnover Alternative: Reward, bonuses & incentive program According to the research of John Gray, if an employee incentive program is run correctly, it can increase the employee morale and productivity and performance (Gray 2006). When employees in the organization are happy, it can lead to positive outcomes. Criteria 3: Improve profitability Alternative: Employee Training Programs A common mistake made by many organizations is the failure to adequately invest in the continued training of their employees after they are hired. Based on research from the Management Association of Illinois, one of the biggest factors in maintaining employee satisfaction levels and the company’s profitability is the amount of training companies provide (Silverman 2009). The training and development of employees through training programs is an essential part of their satisfaction and longevity and should be made a priority of the organization. Training programs not only help to bolster employee satisfactions and the company’s profitability, but also produce tangent benefits for the company. Criteria 4: Increase communication between employees & management Alternative: Interacting with employees inside & outside of work Many companies do not realize that interacting with employees inside and outside of work will increase communication with employees and management. According to research from the American Management Association, participating in activities, creating a sport team, community service, and volunteer services outside of work will help employees and managers unwind and get to know each other better (Jones 2005). Criteria 5: Improve work quality Alternative: Assure employees with positive communication More emphasis should be placed on employee standards and job matching responsibilities. Perfect Pizzeria employees are interdependent of one another in order to produce their product. Hence, in order to promote job consistency employees need to be educated on what their duties and expectations. An employee cannot work up to the expected standard if they are not aware of what is required of them. The following pointers will help attain this goal. * All staff regardless of their roll must have a clear understanding of what the business actually does and know  the names of all the products and its main competitors * Ensure they have  a good enough understanding of who does what to be able to find someone to help a customer when the need arises. The management must take time to explain the organization’s aims and objectives to the employees. * Set measures for the business that they can all contribute to * Provide a clear and simple report to show them how the business is doing Criteria 6: Monitor employee progress: Alternative: Leadership opportunities Perfect Pizzeria should implement a deliberate internal program that encourages a sense of ownership with their employees. Keeping the staff informed, prepared and up to date with all company operations is key. The following pointers will help attain this goal. * Staff must have a clear understanding of product * Explain the organization’s aims and objectives to the employees * Set measures for the business that they can all contribute to * Provide business progress report These steps are in line with the expectancy theory which is a motivation theory based on the idea that work effort is directed toward behaviors that people believe will lead to desired outcomes. Criteria: Provide feedback to the employee Alternative 7: Quarterly Assessments Feedback to employees about their performance through quarterly assessments helps improve their performance, motivates self-improvement, and builds trust (Lun 1999). Action and Implementation Plan Employee Handbook Based on the recommendations listed above, Perfect Pizzeria needs to overhaul the way that it is currently doing things to be competitive in their market. The most important thing that needs to happen is Perfect Pizzeria needs to come up with official documentation that sets the standard for the company policy and procedures. This can be achieved by developing a new employee handbook that will be given to all employees. It will also be given to all the newly hired employees as part of their orientation process. According to Felsberg (2004), an employee handbook will be carefully drafted and periodically reviewed by the Human Resources department. The handbook will be reviewed and updated at least every two years. If policies or laws change, updates can occur more frequently. The employees will be required to date and sign the handbook acknowledging that they have reviewed it. This ensures that the employee understands the company’s policies and practices. The section of Perfect Pizzeria’s handbook that would need the most change is the employment policies. The responsibilities of the employees need to be clearly laid out so the supervisors and the rest of the team know where they fit in the organization. The supervisor’s responsibilities are not only to represent the company’s management to its employees, but to represent the company’s employees to its management. The team’s responsibility also needs to be revamped because every phase in producing the company’s product is important. Reward and Bonus Program According to Hsieh (2011), employees who perceive a greater fit with their employer are less likely to leave the firm, are more committed to it, and have higher work satisfaction. Reward practices logically serve as motivators, shaping employee behaviors. Rewarding employees for ideas that minimize or eliminate costs is more important in an overall cost leadership strategy. A rewards system is an important part of an organization’s human resource strategy. The old bonus system of rewarding the manager does not work in today’s business environment. With the old system, if the percentage of food unsold or damaged in any way is very low, the manager gets a bonus. Modern organizations must make their rewards system to help achieve higher performance at not only the managerial level but at the team level. The perfect system helps the company give the right amount of reward, to the right people, at the right time, for the right reasons. The new system will continue to reward the managers for the low percentage but an employee reward and bonus system will also be created. An Employee of the Quarter program will be created and based on performance perceived by the managers and fellow employees and quarterly evaluations. The Employee of the Quarter will be recognized in a company newsletter, a plaque, and also a cash bonus. This will make sure that the manager are not the only ones being rewarded and will motivate the team to not only work harder, but smarter. Training Program New employees will go through a formal training program where all employees should be able to complete a number of tasks to make sure that they can do their job proficiently. Psychologist David McClelland recognized that a person’s needs can be strengthened through reinforcement, learning, and social conditions. McClelland examined three â€Å"learned† needs: achievement, power, and affiliation. McClelland’s research supported his theory that needs can be learned, so he developed a training program for this purpose. Perfect Pizzeria will incorporate his achievement management program for employees. Trainees will write achievement-oriented stories and practice achievement-oriented behaviors in business games. This training period will also include new managers. Managers will learn about McClellan’s â€Å"need for power. † This need is where people want to control their environment, including people and material resources, to benefit themselves and others. It will be mandatory for managers to attend a program, which will include management classes. The management classes will provide management expectations, operational procedures, and the basic concepts to be successful. Serving the customers is the cornerstone of Perfect Pizzeria. In the training program, managers will learn how to communicate with all types of customers, vendors and co-workers. Out of everything they learn, customer service is the one skill they will use every minute of every hour of every day they are at Perfect Pizzeria. The training program will cover proper management techniques to problem solving. Once they have completed the program, they will be able to handle any situation. Softball Team To increase communication with the employees and management, Perfect Pizzeria will form a team and join the local company softball league. With all the reasons for starting a softball team, such as physical fitness, stress relief, and fun, the most important reason is strengthening relationships. Playing softball together helps co-workers form and strengthen friendships, and instills a sense of camaraderie among company players. Co-workers who don't communicate outside of the workplace will get a chance to interact and get to know each other, and close associates can enjoy seeing different sides to the people they work with every day. A softball team will also support employees’ â€Å"need for affiliation. † This need is where people seek approval from others, conform to their wishes and expectations, and avoid conflict and confrontation. Employees with a strong need for affiliation project a favorable image of themselves. They actively support others and try to smooth out workplace conflicts. They also work well in coordinating roles to mediate conflicts and cultivate long-term relationships. Quarterly Evaluations Throughout the year, the employees’ performance will be tracked. According to DelPo (2007), a log for each employee will be kept on a computer. Memorable incidents involving that employee, whether good or bad, will be noted. If an employee is going above and beyond what is expected or they really mess something up, immediate feedback will be given orally or in writing. The manager will let the employee know that they noticed and appreciate the extra effort or that they are concerned about the employee's performance. If a manager gives oral feedback, they will make a written note of the conversation for the employee's personnel file. Every three months, a manager will formally evaluate each employee by writing a performance appraisal and holding a meeting with the employee. The appraisal will include each standard or goal that is set for that employee, the manager’s conclusion as to whether the employee met the standard or goal, and the reasons that support their conclusion. At the meeting, the manager will let the employee know what they did well and which areas could use some improvement. The manager will explain his or her conclusions about each standard and goal. They will also listen carefully to the employee and ask the employee to write them down on the evaluation form. Conclusion Overall, Perfect Pizzeria can overcome their managerial and employee problems as well as prevent a high percentage of profit loss by carefully implementing new organizational changes. The changes outlined within our action and implementation plan will lead to employee motivation, high morale, low turnover rate, qualified applicants, respect for managers, and effective systematic criteria for the selection of managers and employees, and formal training classes for managers. Therefore, it is imperative that these positive changes be made immediately in order for Perfect Pizzeria to prosper. Chart 1 References Appelbaum,  S. H. , Iaconi,  G. D. ;  Matousek, A. (2007). Positive and negative deviant workplace behaviors: causes, impacts, and solutions. Corporate Governance,  7(5),  586. Retrieved November 7, 2011, from ABI/INFORM Global. (Document ID:  1381003221). Delpo, A. (2007). The Performance Appraisal Handbook: Legal and Practice Rules for Managers. California: NOLO. Felsberg, E.. (2004). Composing effective employee handbooks. Employment Relations Today,  31(2),  117. Retrieved November 15, 2011, from ABI/INFORM Global. (Document ID:  665846591). Gray, John. (2006). â€Å"Motivating Employees. † John Gray. Accessed December 3, 2011 From www. johngray. com Hsieh,  Y. ,  ;  Chen,  H.. (2011). Strategic fit among business competitive strategy, human resource strategy, and reward system. Academy of Strategic Management Journal,  10(2),  11-32. Retrieved November 15, 2011, from ABI/INFORM Global. (Document ID:  2439526121). Jones, C.. (2009). Developing Management Leaders by Teaching Managerial Skills. New York: American Management Association. Kaifi,  B. ,  ;  Noori,  S.. (2011). Organizational Behavior: A Study on Managers, Employees, and Teams. Journal of Management Policy and Practice,  12(1),  88-97. Retrieved November 4, 2011, from ABI/INFORM Global. (Document ID:  2399209841). Luthans,F. , Rosenkrantz, S. A. ; Hennessey, H. W.. (1985) â€Å"What do successful managers really do? An observation study of managerial activities,† J. AppliedBehav. Science, 21, 255-270. Luo L. â€Å"Work motivation, job stress and employees' well-being. † Journal of Applied Management Studies; Jun 1999; 8, 1; pg. . ABI/INFORM Global. Porras, J. I. & Anderson, B.. (1981). â€Å"Improving managerial effectiveness through modeling-based training,† Org- Dynamics, 9, 60-77. Manzoor,  Q.. (2012). Impact of Employees Motivation on Organizational Effectiveness. Business Management and Strategy,  3(1),  1-12. Retrieved November 4, 2011, from ABI/INFORM Global. (Docu ment ID:  2485742121). Mcshane, T. , Mchane, T. L. , & Glinow, M. V. (2011). Organizational Behavior: emerging knowledge and practice for the real world. (5th ed. , pp. 494-495). New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin. Mcshane, S, & Von Glinow, M.. (2011). Organizational Behavior: emerging knowledge and practice for the real world. (5th ed. , p. 109, 199). New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin. Mellewigt,  T. ,  Ehrmann,  T. ,  &  Decker,  C.. (2011). How Does the Franchisor's Choice of Different Control Mechanisms Affect Franchisees' and Employee-Managers' Satisfaction? Journal of Retailing,  87(3),  320-331. Retrieved November 4, 2011, from ABI/INFORM Global. (Document ID:  2476250611) Silverman, Joy. (2009). Discovering and Acting on Employee Opinions. Management Association of Illinois, 2009.

Chef Charlie Trotter

Science, and turned him into a food. Even though, with the help of his roommate, Chef discovered a passion for cooking, he still graduated with a degree in Political Science. Obtaining a degree in Political Science didn't mean much anymore to Chef Trotter, since he grew fond of cooking, so he went to further is education in the world of Culinary Arts. He went to school an additional five years chasing his new found dream. He worked and studied in Chicago, Florida, Europe, and San Francisco where he attended California Culinary Academy.The more knowledge he gained the more his drive to become a chef grew stronger. In 1987 Chef Trotter opened his first restaurant in Chicago which was simply called â€Å"Charlie Trotter's†. This was his most famous restaurants, winning him many awards. For over two decades â€Å"Charlie Trotter's† was known as the best fine dining experience not only in America but also the world. He and his restaurants made Asian fusion well known or some would say what it is today. Chef Trotter also opened â€Å"Trotter's To Go†.This was a high end, ell known delicatessen and catering shop in the heart of Chicago. His restaurants were known for being â€Å"the best†. He was the â€Å"Midas Man†, every place that bared his name was turned into gold. In 2008 he opened â€Å"Restaurant Charlie† and â€Å"Bar Charlie† both located in the bright lights of Alas Vegas and both were equally successful. Beyond his culinary status, Chef Trotter was also known for a giving heart. He was involved in many charities, one being his own which is called â€Å"Charlie Trotter Culinary Education Foundation†.To gain support Chef would host weekly inner for high school students and underwritten annual fund-raising dinners for the foundations. Chef Trotter has been recognized in the culinary world. He has been awarded the James Bearded Outstanding chef award in 1999. He was also invited to the White House where President Bush and Colic Powell presented him with an award of being one out five â€Å"heroes† for his work in his foundation. All the awards were leading to the biggest of them all, the induction of the Culinary Hall Of Fame in 2013. This made Chef Trotter the 57th inductee.Unfortunately, Chef was found dead, by his son Dylan, at his home in Lincoln Park, IL on November 5th 2013. After being rushed to hospital he was pronounced dead on arrival. The corner reports it was due to a stroke. His death saddened the culinary world but his life made the world proud. Works Cited Rosemary Regina Cobol, Jeremy Corner, Phil Vetted and Mark Carr, Tribune Reporters Star Chef. Com, Chef Charlie Trotter of Charlie Trotter's – Biography Worldviews. Org, World's Top 50 Restaurants 2007 Camp, David, â€Å"Charlie Trotter, a Leader Left Behind†

Why did the United States become an Imperial power during the late Research Paper

Why did the United States become an Imperial power during the late 1800's-early 1900's - Research Paper Example The term imperialism is of great importance in the field of politics yet it is defined as the endeavor of a country towards its expansion which is based on military strength or other back door efforts which are backed by the reason of local dissatisfaction, unelected government in place, or other various issues which makes it a ground enough for the invading country to infiltrate and dictate its terms and conditions. It is often termed as the coercive relationship establishment by overthrowing of the existing setup and bringing about the setup that is of less resistance to the occupying forces (Lenin, 93). Imperialism like other forces of social acts, comes with its pros and cons, the element of freeing its citizens from its oppressors is a blessing in disguise, while occupying the land, using its resources to own benefits, violating its sovereignty is the downside of the entire affair. The positive side is the expansion of markets, the businessmen get to invest in new markets, new c apitals, and hence more chance of prosperity and economic stability. Over all the imperialism concept comes blended with its positives and negatives. It does not have to be pure and direct means of all out war, many a times, and the pulse is controlled through diplomatic ties, indirect perks and protections. Hence Imperialism is not just the name of military offensive and battle field stories. Its scope is relatively wide, even proxy wars are inside the scope of this phenomenon. The American Mexican war that was fought in mid 19th century (1846) is termed as an example of American imperialism (Eisenhower). The importance of the moves made in middle 19th century and beginning of 20th century was largely capitalized in the War World One and World War Two. All these annexed nations provided strategic grounds against hostile nations. Spanish American war is another glimpse of American Imperialism. Spaniards were easily humbled in this account and this was fought just round the corner of new millennium when the world was entering into 20th century. This was of high significance since it resulted in United States of America over powering Philippines, Cuba and Puerto Rico. Spain had to withdraw from this region and America was in good health to look after the neighboring nations and maintain its hegemony in the region. Many a times the democracy and freedom cry are coated in the real motive of strategic advantage seeking. This is done through ousted of some existing outsiders. The Cuban war in the end of century was an example of this kind when the Spaniards were sent out their way and limited to continent Europe. Building the Panama Canal: Panama Canal is another point of significance that had its importance towards the interest of American navy. They through the battle with Spain subdued this region which rightly served the interest of American navy. This was the building bridge towards control in both the Pacific and Atlantic Ocean. Large numbers of marines were s ent over for this purpose through the formal approval of the political and administrative heads. Again, this was done to mitigate any danger that the American navy faced by coming from other direction. Seeking its on interest and safety, another step in the name of imperialism, yet it was the order of the day and had to be done to ensure the safety of its personnel. Columbia on this account backed out right at the eleventh hour and the administration of America had to take punitive steps to ensure the accomplishment. Panama which was under the control of Columbians, was supported sufficiently enough by the Americans to create a uproar for their independence

Personal Media Diary Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Personal Media Diary - Essay Example Over a period of four days, I recorded the time spent on the different form of media. After which I recorded the findings in a table below. Prior to this exercise, I had never contemplated on the amount of time I spent on different forms of media. I often listen to the radio as I drive but I had never assumed that I spent such an amount of time on the radio. I realized that I often use social particularly Facebook to keep in touch with my friend. This s mainly because I have quite a tight schedule and rarely get time to meet each of them individually. On the other hand, I realized that most of the calls I make are to my family members. The results for the four days were as displayed in figure 1 below Figure 2 is a chart representing the time spent on the different media. The vertical axis shows the time spent in minutes while the horizontal axis shows the use of different media types for the different days. Media production is the measure of the time spent on different media to produce or develop something. In the contemporary society, social media has become one of the commonest means of communication that many people including the journalist are increasingly adopting (medialiteracyproject.org Web). Many media houses often release their updates through social networks such as Facebook and twitter. As demonstrated on the chart labeled figure 2, Facebook, phone, TV, and radio are my most preferred media types. Although TV and Radio are amongst the oldest types of media, they are still commonly used for informative as well as entertainment purposes. I tend to watch TV a lot. This is because I usually relax and watch TV after school in addition to the time spent with the family as we watch the news. Additionally, I tend to watch a lot of movies different television Networks. I rarely rent movies but I often find myself

The influence of Jesus in Contemporary education system Essay

The influence of Jesus in Contemporary education system - Essay Example Impress these commands upon your children. Talk about them when you sit at home and when you walk along the road, when you lie down and when you get up." (1). The life and principles of Jesus and the theories of his followers has a great impact in every field of the society particularly in education system. The schooling and education system moulds a child in his/her earliest stage to live in the present stage as a good human being .For this the education system has to adopt various principles which may help to guide the students in order to live with dignity in this world. The importance of principles of Jesus Christ and its adoption in the education system lies here. In this context let’s explore the influence of the Jesus in the contemporary education system.... In this environment our children are being trained according to God's purpose on earth with concentric vision of how to accomplish this purpose. They, as vital parts of the community, are being prepared to attain to the highest goal possible in this life - to enter the kingdom of heaven."The life and principles of Jesus always enrooted in "morality". Now let's discuss the aspect of this principle in the modern education system. Moral education (character education) The issue of moral education raises many questions for contemporary teachers. They always face a number of question regarding the moral education of students, for e.g., the question regarding 1. Whose morality should be the standard 2. What values should be stressed, 3. How would education of this sort be approached and 4. Should moral education be a matter of content or an exercise in moral reflectionTime-honored pedagogical methods often contain valuable insights for contemporary education. Jesuit schools, which are emerged between the 16th and 19th3 centuries, in Europe in their tradition of theatre, have adopted such method. Theatre in Jesuit schools created an aesthetic environment in which students could both ponder their relationship to the world, and evaluate the consequences of human action Jesuit schoolsThe Society of Jesus, commonly known as

Relationship Between Athena And Odysseus To The Job And God Essay

Relationship Between Athena And Odysseus To The Job And God - Essay Example Athena had developed deep attachment for Odysseus and sought the permission of her father Zeus, according to the Iliad, to provide Odysseus with unconditional support and services. She undergoes hunger, thirst, and pains in order to help her beloved King Odysseus accomplish his tasks of winning the battles and overcome his rivals and enemies. Not only this that she protected the great warrior, from calamities, disturbances, and problems, during his war campaigns, but also, she guises herself many times in the form of a bird, a shepherd boy, a little lass and others to help him reach his destination safe and sound. Her valuable counsels turned the tables in favor of her beloved and the opponents had to lick the dust during bouts and fights. Her utter feelings of unabated, unwavering and unconditional love and affection have been described by Homer in his Iliad: â€Å"Two of a kind, we are, contrivers, both. Of all the men alive you are the best in plots and storytelling. My own fame is for wisdom among the gods - deceptions too. Would even you have guessed that I am Pallas Athena, daughter of Zeus, I that am always with you in times of trial, a shield to you in battle†? The Hebrew Bible, Old and New Testaments and the Quran also contain some personalities, which had rendered their services to their beloved. In the mythology of Abrahamic religions, holy prophets, noble saints, and pious men are the characters, who rendered their services out of their love for One and the Only i.e. Almighty God, the Supreme Being.

Determine the Optimal Investment Performance Appraisal Systems Research Paper

Determine the Optimal Investment Performance Appraisal Systems - Research Paper Example This is considered as one of the first phase in understanding the performances of an individual, economic circumstances, desires and aims. The starting point of this situational profiling comprises of investigating the source of wealth, stage of life of the investor and volume of these sources of wealth. There are mainly two common sources of wealth for the individual investors. They are, (1) Wealth generated by entrepreneurial activity- wealth is created through this activity perhaps indicates knowledge of the investors and experience, by way of the risk-taking judgment. (2) Wealth accumulated all the way through inheritance or one-time windfalls or accumulation of wealth over a long period of safe job- Wealth is acquired through this way indicates that individual has less knowledge about risk-taking activity. â€Å"Terminologies vary, but for practical purposes we can consider the individual investor to be either affluent or high net worth. â€Å"For the affluent investors, the t otal economic resources are of roughly the same magnitude, as they claim on those resources resulting from the investors’ life choices† (Torre & Rudd, 2004, p. 2). Those choices normally consist of a need for post retirement expenses, the purchase of homes and the educational expenses of kids. When the investor is middle aged or young, fiscal activities normally symbolize the smaller part of his whole resources, with human assets and real estate possessions representing the bulk of his possessions. â€Å"Traditional finance assumes that all investors exhibit three major characteristics, such as, 1. Risk aversion- Investors minimize risk for a given level of return or maximize return for given level of risk. 2. Rational expectation- Investors... The paper demonstrates that evaluating performance presenting it fairly is vital to the energy of an investment firm. Portfolio managers and security analysts create decisions under circumstances of uncertainty concerning the relative attractiveness of individual investments and market sectors; the function of performance analysts is to explain the result of those decisions. Portfolio management is the art and science for making decision in terms of investment mix and policy, achieve the objective of investors, by investing asset for individual or institutions. Portfolios defined as â€Å"a collection of investments all owned by the same individual or organization. These investments often include stocks, which are investments in individual businesses; bonds, which are investments in debt that are designed to earn interest; and mutual funds, which are essentially pools of money from many investors that are invested by professionals or according to indices†. It is constituted to achieve a level of expected return with lowest risk possibility. The portfolio management has been involved with new product development and innovate projects to achieve maximum profit. In the sense of modern portfolio it is professionally constructed strategy for investment to achieve more growth from a nominal amount of capital. It defined as â€Å"Overall investment strategy that seeks to construct an optimal portfolio by considering the relationship between risk and return, especially as measured by alpha, beta, and R-squared.

Photography Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 3

Photography - Essay Example Arbus has successfully constructed a definitive position on photography; she helps in drawing a thick line between the camera and the body. Her proposition is that the camera is not in any way an extension of the body. Arbus draws a triadic relationship between the apparatus in photography and the subjects. She claims that the works are between her and the ‘others’. The camera itself has its own flaws. There are things that cannot be revealed through a camera. Some discomfort makes an individual to shun having a thoughtful glance on the photograph. The gaze that a photograph gives to us creates a situation whereby we are unable to keep staring at it. There appears to be a relationship between the three components of photography, the camera, the photographer, and the subject. Throughout the relationship there appears to be misconceptions that results to flaws. According to Armstrong, Arbus draws a gender construct whereby the camera is categorized as ‘other’. Here it introduces an aspect of gender politics, Arbus brings forth differences as a result of plurality which are caused by aspects of gender and sexuality. In addition to expression of gender issues, Arbus’ works are rich in photographs that feature hermaphrodites. In addition to gender and sexuality based photographs, children have also featured in her works but have not lacked controversy especially when it comes to interpretation. Armstrong talks about the photograph of a baby that has various features. In the photograph there is difficulty in interpreting the meaning because of its nature. The immediate clue that tells an interpreter of the meaning of a photograph lacks. This is a possibility especially because the lips are shut up as well as the body is completely covered. According to Armstrong an interpreter is left with the option of postulating the likelihoods which have a margin of error. Most of the times there

Why is Gun Control a necessary tool to reduce the levels of violence Essay

Why is Gun Control a necessary tool to reduce the levels of violence in the USA - Essay Example However, the Gun Lobby groups are well organized, well funded, and substantially powerful for the all-out ban on such guns. Various government agency bully various lawmakers such as Congress members, Senators, and State Reps due to passing strict and effective legislation on firearms. The perception of "people kill people† is an unfounded phenomenon that gun rights advocates do not support. It is worth noting that guns were designed to murder people. The item is a war weapon that has become a way of life. Life is abruptly put to an end or altered through the pull of a trigger and the pistol’s crack. Many murder cases occurring across the world indicate that people have prior knowledge of each other in bar rooms, within the home, in parking lots, or on street corners among family, friends, and acquaintances (Spano & Pridemore & Bolland 19). In times of heated situations, the possession of firearms translates into murder. The other frequent occurrence in this case is evident when young kids have access to the guns. They play with fellow typical kids without knowledge of them being loaded. When kids poses to shoot others, it results into murder as they do not have a realization that such guns are actually loaded. In most cases, people with proper knowledge of one another involve in drastic arguments that become deadly in the presence of firearms. However, in reality, these individuals do not have an awareness of the actions they per take up to the moment the action crosses their mind and they face such situations. Further, it is even easier for people to aim a gun at people out of anger. This results in death or even permanent paralysis. In other poor urban areas, aspects of murder are rather rampant. This attributes to poverty, low employment, as well as minimal educational opportunities (Alcindor 123). In drastic environments, the drug presence, bad housing, as well as overcrowding are also major pointers of gun violence.